The HFM method involves placing an insulative sample between a hot and cold plate held at a constant temperature difference. The heat flux is monitored until the system reaches steady-state. When steady-state is reached, heat flux, temperature difference and sample thickness are used, along with a calibration, to determine thermal resistivity, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance and thermal conductance of the sample. Measurement Range 0.002 – 1.0 W/mK Sample size 100 x 100 mm or 300 x 300 mm Min. thickness of 5 mm Temperature range -10 to 60 °C Material types Foams, aerogels, polymers and vacuum insulation panels ASTM/ISO/EN Standards ISO 8301, ASTM C518, EN 1946-3, EN 12664, EN 12667 and EN 12939