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Hard X-rays
ConsumablesInstrumentation

Hard X-rays

By Applied Nanotools Inc.

Hard X-ray Calibration Standards are useful for energies above 5000 eV with a standard thickness of 500-600 nm and features down to 25 nm for the HXR-CAL model and 2000 nm gold thickness with features down to 200 nm.

More from Applied Nanotools Inc.

Soft X-Ray Zone Plates

X-rays below 5 keV (<~0.25 nm) are typically classified as soft X-rays, where they are more readily absorbed than higher energy X-rays. Typically, zone plates do not require the same thickness for efficiency and allow for higher resolution imaging. A range of zone plate options for soft/tender X-Rays are available for specific requirements. (Custom Designs Available) Device | Outer Zone Width ΔR n (nm) | Thickness (µm) | Outer Diameter (µm) | ( of zones) E/ΔE Limit | ~ Focal Length(µm) SZP‑90um‑15nm | 15 | <0.07 | 90 | 1514 | 325 SZP‑120um‑15nm | 120 | 2019 | 433 SZP‑200um‑18nm | 18 | <0.15 | 200 | 2797 | 868 SZP‑270um‑18nm | 270 | 3775 | 1172 SZP‑320um‑18nm | 320 | 4473 | 1389 SZP-200um-25nm | 25 | <0.24 | 200 | 2007 | 1207 SZP‑250um‑25nm | 250 | 2509 | 1510 SZP-300um-25nm | 300 | 3010 | 1811 SZP-360um-25nm | 360 | 3612 | 2173 TZP‑160um‑50nm | 50 | <0.75 | 160 | 801 | 1934 TZP‑280um‑50nm | 280 | 1401 | 3384 TZP‑750um‑200nm | 200 | <0.75 | 750 | 938 | 36292 TZP‑1250um‑200nm | 1250 | 1563 | 60487 For estimated efficiency of zone plate, please see our online calculator at www.appliednt.com/zpcalc

Oxide Interlock Process for Hard X-Ray Optics

Zone plate efficiency for binary zone plates requires high aspect ratio structures which can survive high flux imaging systems. The “Oxide Interlock” option creates small interconnecting channels between metal zone of silicon dioxide which is transparent to hard X-rays and does not swell or distort, even when not under vacuum. These have been shown to significantly increase the zone plate efficiency and lifetime.

Custom Frames

Our standard frame size is 5 mm x 5 mm. We also offer custom frame sizes. Membrane thickness can be down to 50 nm and silicon carbide membranes are available for those requiring long-lifetime membranes. Low stress 50 nm silicon nitride membrane Low stress 200 nm silicon carbide membrane Fused Silica Substrate (~500 um thick) Custom chip sizes

Central Stops and Outer Blockers

Central stop and outer blocker options significantly improve zone plate imaging, with reduction of the 0 th order and improved lifetime of the optics. Various Thicknesses up to 3 µm on chip are available or 10 µm as a separate chip.