Preparation of nanoparticles by precipitation allows for significant control over composition, particle size and size distribution. These technical attributes dictate nanomaterial properties (chemical, electronic, magnetic, optical and physical) and are key to designing a nanomaterial that is best suited and most impactful for a customer’s product. In this reaction pathway, aqueous or nonaqueous soluble precursors react in solution to form precipitated nanoparticles. Following precipitation, products are typically purified and dispersed in the solvent system required for the customer’s target application, often with capping agents to improve dispersion stability and compatibility with the customer’s product manufacturing process.