Nanodiamonds are used as active fillers in polymers providing improvement of various functional characteristics: - Strength - Elasticity - Wear resistance - Adhesive strength with metals - Improving the optical characteristics of polymers - Increasing heat conductivity while retaining the absolute dielectric properties The strongest effect in the improving polymers transferring them unique features of diamond is observed for small nanodiamond concentration (0.01–0.50 %). Numerous applications include: - Fluoroelastomers: nanodiamonds condense vulcanization network, minimize thermal wear, reduce the friction coefficient of films and increase durability in friction nodes by 25–40 % - Rubbers: nanodiamonds increase the degree of vulcanization and cause 1.3–2-fold increase in cohesion strength - Polyurethanes: nanodiamonds lead to a threefold growth of strength and to 1.5-fold improvement of elasticity - Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR): nanodiamonds considerably increase relative elongation at tear (up to 70 %) and wear resistance (up to 40 %), while reducing the friction coefficient by two-fold - Polyamide and fluoroplastic: nanodiamonds enable 1.5-3-fold increase in rupture strength, enhance attrition resistance and tearing strength by a factor of 2–3, as well as ensure 30–50% faster polymerization
